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Desalination and Potabilization at-a-glance
Desalination is the process to remove some amount of salt and other minerals from water for multiple usage.
Potabilization is the process to provide drinkable water for human use.
Desalination and Potabilization Units at-a-glance
Desalination and Potabilization Units of seawater and brackish-water to provide drinkable water for human use and for other usages. Loose or containerized.
Mini-Cogeneration Desalination and Potabilization Units of seawater and brackish-water to provide drinkable water for human use and for other usages by means of Cogenerated Energy. Loose or containerized.
Geothermal Desalination and Potabilization Units of seawater and brackish-water to provide drinkable water for human use and for other usages by means of Geothermal Heat Energy. Loose or containerized.
Said that Water Treatment and Sanitation is ranging from large Desalination Plants to small local direct use desalinated and potabilized water, the present, is focusing medium and small Desalination Plants exploited by means of Mini-Cogeneration and Geothermal Units.
Please do not hesitate to contact for larger and customized Desalination Plants.
Available Desalination and Potabilization Units
Environmentally safe and cost-effective technologies solutions for Desalinating and Potabilizing of seawater or brackish-water are variable from the water to be desalinated characteristics which are changing site to site, from the needs of the end user which are changing case by case as well as from the capacity and type of facility, location, feed water, labour, energy cost, type of financing,
So we are accustomed to evaluate the different choices on their merits and choose the solution that best meets our client’s requirements.
Any request to meet on-demand personalized specifications, which are often requested in spite of the standardization covering the largest portion of the activities going-on worldwide, is welcomed.
Loose Desalination and Potabilization Units of seawater and brackish-water are manufactured bespoke. Containerized Desalination and Potabilization Units of seawater and brackish-water are manufactured in 20 feet (6000x2400x2500mm) and 40 feet (12200x2400x2500m) containers to meet the needs for mobile pre-installed equipments. Insulated Containers (Hot/Cold) are available as follows: In hot climate areas, electrical devices and fluids must be kept below 35 oC to ensure good process performance. The temperature inside a container placed under direct sunlight can easily reach 80 °C, therefore air-cooled insulated container with external sunlight rejection coating are provided. In cold area, fluids must be kept above freezing points and electrical equipment suffer from temperature below 5oC. In this case, insulated containers with heating equipment are provided.
Mini-Cogeneration Desalination and Potabilization Units at-a-glance
Water is desalinated and potabilized in order to convert salt water or brackish water to fresh water so it is suitable for human consumption or irrigation or other usages.
Modern procedures are focusing the optimization of the desalination by means of recovering wasted heat by cogeneration.
The cogeneration uses the heat for burning fuel for two purposes: first to turn turbines and make electricity, secondly to condense in a desalination plant and make desalinated water.
In the sense of desalination, cogeneration is the production of potable water from seawater or brackish groundwater in an integrated, or "dual-purpose evaporation plants", facility in which a power plant is used as the source of energy for the desalination process.
The facility’s energy production may be dedicated entirely to the production of potable water (a stand-alone facility), or excess energy may be produced and incorporated into the energy grid (a true cogeneration facility).
The advantage of dual-purpose facilities is that they can be more efficient in energy consumption respect conventional Desalination and Potabilization processes, thus making desalination a more viable option for drinking water in areas of scarce water resources. The current trend in dual-purpose facilities is hybrid configurations, in which the permeate from an reverse osmosis desalination component is mixed with distillate from thermal desalination. Basically, two or more desalination processes are combined along with power production.
Geothermal Desalination and Potabilization Units at-a-glance
Most of the modern interest in desalination is focused on developing cost-effective and energy-saving ways of providing fresh water for human use in regions where the availability of fresh water is, or is becoming, limited.
The major cost of the traditional Desalination process in the heating of water to produce the steam.
When are locally available favourable geological conditions it is possible to use the natural geothermal steam to operate the Desalination process.
Geothermal Desalination and Potabilization Units optimize the desalination by means of recovering natural geothermal heat.
The Geothermal Desalination and Potabilization Units uses the heat to condense in a desalination plant and make desalinated water while the potabilization is carried out by electric driven process.
The advantage of using geothermal energy is that the system requires less maintenance than conventional Desalination Plants and that the primary energy input is from geothermal heat, which is a low-environmental-impact source of energy.
By integrating a Reverse Osmosis (RO) unit with a Multi-Stage Flash (MSF) distiller the products of both processes are blended.
Multi-Stage Flash (MSF) requires low temperature heat and some electrical power, with heat being the main portion.
Reverse Osmosis (RO) requires electrical power to operate pumps and auxiliary parts.
Hybrid Multi-Stage Flash (MSF) and Reverse Osmosis (RO) Desalination Plants optimize the combination of the features of the two processes.
Hybrid Desalination and Potabilization Units are very cost efficient due to the fact that:
- combines the advantages of high desalting performance of distillation processes and the lower energy requirement of
- the blending of waters results into minor stress of the membranes since the Reverse Osmosis (RO) should desalinate less saline
- the use of the same common intake and outfall facilities reduces the cost of the plant;
- the use of the same common pre-treatment and post-treatment processes reduces the costs of the plant and chemicals;
- reduced power demand;
- reduced capital cost;
- reduced operation and maintenance cost;
- best match between power and water requirements
This system is an alternative to ”dual-purpose evaporation plants”.
Triple purpose Multi-Stage Flash (MSF), Reverse Osmosis (RO) and Power plants.
Ideal uses of Desalination and Potabilization Units
To facilitate the listing of the ideal uses of various Desalination and Potabilization processes has been unified, where applicable, even if all the feasible circumstances are not all the same.
Desalination and Potabilization Units are particularly suitable for:
- islands, tourist resorts, rural, mountainous and remote areas which are disadvantaged by their typical isolated location in terms of energy distribution and can be hardly reached by conventional power grids and water mains, both for development costs and times, and for strictly technical reasons;
- Private, Public, or for Marinas and Tourist Resorts, in need of stand-by or additional water;
- seagoing ships, yachts;
- emergencies, Army and Navy for compactness and readily available complete systems, which saves the essential factor of time;
- for reducing energy usage and greenhouse gas emissions, as well as for powering installations where it is not feasible or is impractical to connect to the electricity grid;
- production table salt as a by-product as used on many seagoing ships and submarines;
- areas on the coast are favoured by unlimited accessible water source respect areas deep in the interior of a continent, or at high elevation for which the transportation cost affects the end-cost of Desalinated and Potabilized Water ;
Ideal users of Cogeneration Desalination, Geothermal Desalination, Hybrid Desalination and Potabilization Units
The ideal users of Cogeneration Desalination and Potabilization are whomever is very sensitive to environmental issues and affected by fresh water shortage.
The ideal users of Gethermal Desalination and Potabilization are whomever have access to a suitable Geothermal Field and affected by fresh water shortage.
Environmental impact of Cogeneration Desalination, Geothermal Desalination, Hybrid Desalination and Potabilization Units
One of the main environmental considerations of ocean water large-scale desalination plants is the impact of the open ocean water intakes, especially when co-located with power plants. There are alternatives, including beach wells that eliminate this concern, but require more energy and higher costs while limiting output. Other environmental concerns include air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions from the power plants
To limit the environmental impact Cogeneration-Desalination and Potabilization or Geothermal Desalination and Potabilization processes are beneficial.
Major advantages of Cogeneration Desalination, Geothermal Desalination, Hybrid Desalination and Potabilization Units
The major advantages of those Cogeneration Desalination and Potabilization Units and Geothermal Desalination and Potabilization Units are:
- eco-compatible;
- water is always available even in the most droughts;
- direct save on money in the energy bill and an indirect save of the environment by reducing the use of classically generated polluting-energy;
- fast implementation being turn-key “plug, desalinate and treat” units;
- independent;
- easily removable for reuse in other locations;
- water desalination and potabilization using recycled heat;
- balanced quantities of power and water;
- solve the water shortages in arid and semi-arid regions;
- desalination is a very energy intensive process and its potential is therefore limited by the availability of cheap or recovered energy as with the Cogeneration and Geothermal Energy;
- shelf-mounted facility. No platforms require extensive pilings to maintain a stable base for normal operation thus limited civil works;
- easy to transport and install. Low operating and in maintenance costs;
- compact by eliminating the high investment on civil infrastructures. The cost of implementing the Desalination Plant is concentrated towards technology, plant and machinery rather than useless civil structures;
- with proper process design and efficient conservation of energy sea water Cogeneration and Geothermal Desalination and Potabilization systems can be a long-term solution at an affordable price when compared with other water supply options;
- Modular machines for Water Treatment and Energy independence. |
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